Review on potato late blight and potato tuber moth and. The department of agriculture and food, western australia has worked with the indonesian potato industry to increase the productivity of crops planted with wa seed potatoes. It is a serious and highly destructive pest of stored potato or seed potato but is oftenly found to infest leaves and tubers of growing plants. Identification and evaluation of the pathogenicity of two isolated larval fungi from the guatemalan potato tuber moth, tecia solanivora povolny. Martin townsend and paul waring illustrated by richard lewington british pyralid moths barry goater illustrated by geoffrey senior and robert dyke moths of europe volume 2 patrice leraut. Bioactivities and biochemical effects of marjoram essential oil used against potato tuber moth phthorimaea operculella zeller lepidoptera.
In egypt, potato tuber moth has caused up to 100% losses to potato plants in fields as well as in storage ahmed et al. This study analyzes the risk for tobacco crops from attack of potato moth and opportunities for control. Oviposition behaviour to provide a basis for later experimental work the fecundity and oviposition behaviour of individual potato tuber moths was. Larvae infest both foliage and tubers and mature larvae pupate in the soil or other safe places. Effect of thiacloprid against the potato tuber moth. Leaf mine of the potato tuber moth, phthorimaea operculella, with larva inside. Phthorimaea operculella, also known as the potato tuber moth or tobacco splitworm, is a moth of the family gelechiidae. The moth is grey brown flecked and 8 mm long with cream, green or pink blackheaded caterpillars up to 20 mm long. Dimitrov2 1 institute of tobacco and tobacco products, bg 4108 markovo, bulgaria 2 agricultural university, faculty of plant protection and agroecology, department of entomology, bg 4000 plovdiv, bulgaria abstract vanevagancheva, t. To test this hypothesis, photosynthetic rate, nutrient transport, and tuber yield will be measured in several potato varieties, with and without tuber moth infestation. Leaf mine of the potato tuber moth, phthorimaea operculella. The potato tuber moth causes serious damage to stored potato through its larval tunneling and feeding which lead to partial or complete rotting by subsequent infection by fungi andor bacteria.
It was found that a local strain of the tuber moth virus remained virulent for at least nine years when stored at 20c and at least two weeks when kept in suspension at 2528 c. In the case of the potato tuber moth phthorimaea operculella, adult females lay eggs on the plant leaves early in the season before the crop is harvested. Microbial control of the potato tuber moth lepidoptera. The pedagogical and technical university of colombia. Electroantennogram responses of the potato tuber moth, phthorimaea operculella 341 j. An experiment was conducted to test the efficacy of five insecticides as protectants against the potato tuber moth on stored potatoes.
Larvae mine potato leaves and stems, but more importantly is the feeding damage. Changes in abundance generation index gi, damage potential and activity activity index ai, potential population growth of the potato tuber moth, phthorimaea operculella, in potato production regions worldwide according to model predictions, using the gi a, b and the ai d, e for the years 2000 and 2050, and the absolute index change c, f. Sex pheromones of the potato tuber moths phthorimaea operculella zeller and symmetrischema tangolias gyen are ideal tools to monitor pest flight activity but are not used as means of control. This species severely impacts global potato production, especially in china and india, which have the worlds largest. The pushpull effects of three plant secondary metabolites, azadirachtin, eucalyptol, and heptanal, on the oviposition choices of potato tubers by the potato tuber moth, phthorimaea operculella zeller lepidoptera. Application of thiacloprid at various concentrations 0. Of male potato tuber moth phthorimaea operculella zeller lepidoptera. Effects of cultural practices on reducing field infestation of potato tuber moth phthorimaea operculella and greening of tubers in sudan. What are the economic consequences of potato moths. The breeding potential of wild potato species resistant to. Increasing potato yield through genetic and biochemical. The larvae cause direct damage to the tubers by infesting them underground and control using chemical insecticide sprays is difficult with uncertain results. The olfactory response of the potato tuber moth towards various chemicals was investigated in an olfactometer similar to that described by osgood and kempster 1971 fig.
Having originated in latin america and coevolved with its host plant potato solanum sp. Potato tuber moth and guatemalan potato moth are among the most important potato pests in the world. The potato tuber moth, phthorimaea operculella zeller is an important pest of potatoes in the field and in stores in warm environments throughout the world. The potato tuber moth ptm,phthorimaea operculella zeller, is one of the most damaging pests of potatoes in field and storage. Tunnels in potato tuber caused by the larvae of the potato tuber moth, phthorimaea operculella. The potato tuber moth ptm, phthorimaea operculella zeller, is considered the most damaging potato pest in the developing world. The potato tuber moth, phthorimaea operculezza zeller. Pacific pests and pathogens fact sheets potato tuber moth 298 common name potato tuber moth scientific name. The use of synthetic sexual pheromones to interfere. Potato tuber moth ptm or tuberworm ptw has appeared and spread in the us in the past century. The occurance of potato tuber moth leads to high economic damages in crop production around the world. In countries like tunisia, algeria and turkey the losses.
For this major threat of productions the experiments were carried out in a simple crd under laboratory and rcbd design under field condition having three replications to evaluate the entomopathogenic fungi of b. Potato tuber moth and other spud pests farmers weekly. Pdf occurrence of parthenogenesis in potato tuber moth. Tobacco is a suitable host for potato moth throughout the growing season in the field. Aluminium phosphide can therefore effectively be used to rid infested potatoes andor potato stores of any stage of the potato tuber moth. The effect of the chloronicotinyl insecticide thiacloprid 480 sc was evaluated to determine its potential in controlling the potato tuber moth, phthorimaea operculella. Larva of the potato tuber moth, phthorimaea operculella. The invasion of potato moth phthorimaea operculella zeller in temperate zones is related to global warming, the large number of available host plants and the concentration of production areas. Potato moths biological control and how to identify this pest. Control of potato tuber moth phthorimaea operculella with sex pheromones in peru. Adult colour grey brown body 8 mm wings 12 mm wingspan. Biological effects of some natural and chemical compounds. We are also developing potato tuber moth resistant lines as a component of our international research project.
Test samples were dipped in solutions of fenithrothion, decamethrin, diazinon, methamidophos, profenofos at concentrations of 10, 25, 300, 500 and 3750, respectively and a check dipped in plain water. Pushpull effects of three plant secondary metabolites on. Quality seed tuber means the tuber free from seed borne diseases. Potato tuber moth is an important pest of potato crops in both indonesia and western australia. Many cultural practices that are used by farmers to improve the yield and quality of potato can also limit the development of the potato tuber moth and. Phthorinaea operculella, the most common, is widely distributed in the world, found in north africa, and parts of asia, europe, the americas, and oceania.
Potato tuber moth, phthorimaea operculella is the major insect pest and causes damage both under field and seed storage of potato, solanum tuberosum in ethiopia. The potato tuber moth is a pest which economically affects potato crops, mainly in regions where the climate is hot and dry. Some aspects of the host plant relationships of potato. Chemical control of the potato tuber moth phthorimaea. With cowpeas, only a 12 percentage initial field infestation by c. Electroantennogram responses of the potato tuber moth. It is basically a pest of potato but it also infests tobacco, tomato, brinjal, certain variety of weeds and other solanaceous vegetables. The moths, which live for about a week, lay up to 200 eggs.
The potato tuber moth ptm phthorimaea operculella is a critical potato pest. National program for control of the guatemalan potato tuber moth, tecia solanivora. Tuber moth is active throughout the year in north africa but is most active from late april to early august. After two months of storage, there was no potato tuber moth infestation in tubers treated with cipc 0. Britains dayflying moths david newland, robert still. Integrated pest management of potato tuber moth in field. Potato tuber moth tobacco leafminer tobacco splitworm bryotropha solanella. Female moth lay about 100150 eggs at dusk on the surface of the potato near the eye or in the cracks on the exposed skin of tuber. It is an oligophagous insect that feeds on the plant family solanaceae and is especially known for being a major pest of potato crops. Pdf regional and seasonal forecasting of the potato. This study evaluated the potential distribution of the potato tuber moth. There is one, however, that can become a real problem the potato tuber moth. The ptm was introduced to japan in the 1960s, and because of an outbreak in 1970s, it has been intensively surveyed two years 1978 and 1979, choe and park.
Management of the potato tuber moth phthorimaea operculellazeller lepidoptera, gelechiidae an invasive pest of global proportions j. Concomitant analysis of gene expression in these plants may identify specific genes that are regulated in potatoes to increase carbon flow and tuber starch accumulation. Potato moth definition of potato moth by merriamwebster. Generally, suitable area for the production of high quality seed tuber in nepal is high hill region i. Potato tuber moth is also a pest of tomatoes where larvae damage the leaves, stem and the unripe fruits. Abstract aspects of the behaviour and biology of potato tuber moth phthorimaea pperculella zell. Evaluation of genetically modified potatoes against the potato tuber moth, phthorimaea operculella zeller lepidoptera. If these goals can be met, we will be able to reduce the growers reliance on chemical inputs such as insecticides, fungicides and sprout inhibitors, and improve overall agronomic performance with new. It has a very rapid life cycle, and you can get six generations on a crop. Change in the distribution of the potato tuber moth. Research into use of bioinsecticides for control of potato. Gelechiidae resistance in tubers of btcry5 transgenic potato lines ahmed mohammed,1 d. Gelechiidae under laboratory and nonrefrigerated store conditions in south africa d.
In field, the female laid eggs singly on the undersurface of the potato leaves. Regional and seasonal forecasting of the potato tuber moth using a temperaturedriven phenology model linked with geographic information systems chapter pdf available january 2008 with 259 reads. The moth is narrow, about 10mm long and a mottled grey and its more easily spotted in the early evening. The potato tuber moth ptm, phthorimaea operculeua zeller, is one of the most damaging pests of potatoes in field and storage and is generally of greatest importance in. Exposed tubers are predisposed to tuberworm damage. Characterization of a newly established potato tuber moth. Improved productivity requires accurate identification of pests in potatoes as well as in the cabbage rotation crop that is. Plant resistance evaluation of potato tuber moth lepidoptera. Upon hatching, the larvae begin to disperse, and within a few hours can establish themselves in a food source. In this case, the infested tubers become completely unmarketable.
Control of potato tuber moth phthorimaea operculella with. Lepidoptera, at different locations of west bengal. Changes in establishment and potential distribution of the guatemalan potato tuber moth, tecia solanivora, in potato production regions worldwide according to model predictions, using the eri for the years 2000 a and 2050 b, and changes of the eri between 2000 and 2050 c. The aim of the present study was to test the suitability of an attractandkill strategy consisting of pure pheromones and the contact. There are many factors that reduce the yield of the crop among which the diseases like late blight and insect like tuber moth which play an important role in reduction of the yield. Develop new knowledge of behavior, genetics, physiology, and ecology of wireworms, aphids, secondary potato pests, and their natural enemies, that provides opportunities for new and improved biorational control of potato insect pests. Kroschel international potato center cip, lima, peru6th world potato congress, august 20 26, 2006, boise, idaho, usa. Incidence of potato tuber moth, phthorimaea operculella zell. In this study genetic resistance to potato tuber moth was identified in clones of solanum sparsipilum coded mbn originally developed for resistance to bacterial wilt and rootknot nematode. Chemical control of the potato tuber moth, phthorimaea. Develop monitoring methods and techniques that reduce grower risk from wireworms that improve.
Management of the potato tuber moth an invasive pest. Evaluation of genetically modified potatoes against the. Potato moth definition is a grayish brown gelechild moth phthorimaea operculella whose larva is the potato tuberworm. Potato tuber moth is widely distributed and the most devastating pest of potatoes all over the world. Infestation of tubers both in the field and in storage results in an unmarketable product. Pdf susceptibility of potato tuber moth, phthorimaea.
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